Many Jews were forced out of their homeland by the conquering Assyrians about 2700 years ago and by the conquering Babylonians about 2600 years ago. But many later returned. The conquering Romans exiled many Jews about 1900 years ago, leading to a worldwide dispersion of Jews.
Below are some of the Bible prophecies that foretold that the people of Israel would be forced into exile.
Deuteronomy 4:25-30
Moses prophetically warns his people of exile if they turn away from God
Deuteronomy 28:64-67
The people of Israel would be persecuted in many nations
Ezekiel 22:14-15
The people of Judah would be exiled from their homeland and scattered throughout the nations
Hosea 3:4-5
The people of Israel would live many days without a king
Hosea 9:1-3
The people of the northern kingdom of Israel (Ephraim) would be exiled to Assyria and Egypt
Hosea 9:17
The people of Israel would be like wanderers in other nations
Hosea 11:1
Why did Matthew view Hosea 11:1 - being called out of Egypt - as a prophecy about the Messiah Jesus?
Isaiah 39:5-7
The southern kingdom of Judah would be conquered and the people would be exiled
Isaiah 49:13-17
God will never forget the children of Israel
Jeremiah 32:36-37
The Jews would survive Babylonian rule and return home
Leviticus 26:44
The people of Israel will never be completely destroyed
Luke 21:24
Jesus prophesied that the Jews would be exiled and scattered